Functions
Because functions are values, there are also functions that operate on them
($) :: (a -> <c> b) -> a -> <c> b (Prelude)
Function application. f $ x is equivalent with f x. The function has two uses.
First is to remove parentheses from deeply nested expressions:
f (g (h x)) == f $ g $ h x
The second use is with higher order functions:
map ($ parameter) functions
(.) :: (a -> <c> b) -> (d -> <c> a) -> d -> <c> b (Prelude)
Composes two functions
(f . g) x = f (g x)
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